Near-extremal black holes

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new method using distributions to derive Hawking temperature for near-extremal black holes, clarifying the extremal limit and discussing specific cases like Reissner-Nordstrom and Kerr black holes.

Contribution

It provides a novel formulation for Hawking temperature derivation and clarifies the extremal limit as a well-defined case.

Findings

Extremal solutions are shown to be limits of non-extremal metrics.

The method applies to Reissner-Nordstrom and Kerr black holes.

Pure extremal cases are analyzed separately.

Abstract

We present a new formulation of deriving Hawking temperature for near-extremal black holes using distributions. In this paper the near-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom and Kerr black holes are discussed. It is shown that the extremal solution as a limit of non-extremal metric is well-defined. The pure extremal case is also discussed separately.