Pioneer Anomaly in Perturbed FRW Metric

TL;DR

This paper suggests that the Pioneer anomaly provides local evidence for the universe's expansion, linking its value to the Hubble constant through analysis of light ray geodesics in a perturbed FRW metric.

Contribution

It introduces a novel interpretation of the Pioneer anomaly as a measure of cosmic expansion using geodesic deviation in a perturbed FRW spacetime.

Findings

Pioneer anomaly correlates with the Hubble constant

Anomaly sign indicates universe's expansion

Analysis supports local evidence of cosmic expansion

Abstract

In this manuscript, it is shown that the Pioneer anomaly is the local evidence for an expanding universe. In other words, its value is a direct measure of the Hubble constant while its sign shows the expanding behavior of the dynamics of the universe. This analysis is obtained by studying the radial geodesic deviation of the light rays in the perturbed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric in the Newtonian gauge.