Emergence of Quintet Superfluidity in the Chain of Partially Polarized Spin-3/2 Ultracold Atom

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that in a one-dimensional chain of ultracold spin-3/2 atoms, quintet superfluidity emerges under partial polarization, characterized by quasi-long-range correlations and coexistence of multiple superfluid phases.

Contribution

It provides the first large-scale numerical evidence of quintet superfluidity in a partially polarized spin-3/2 ultracold atom system.

Findings

Quintet pair correlations become quasi-long-ranged under partial polarization.

Multiple mixed superfluid phases with coexisting BCS-like pairs are observed.

The study uses density-matrix renormalization-group simulations at quarter filling.

Abstract

The system of ultracold atoms with hyperfine spin $F=3/2$ might be unstable against the formation of quintet pairs if the interaction is attractive in the quintet channel. We have investigated the behavior of correlation functions in a model including only s-wave interactions at quarter filling by large-scale density-matrix renormalization-group simulations. We show that the correlations of quintet pairs become quasi-long-ranged, when the system is partially polarized, leading to the emergence of various mixed superfluid phases in which BCS-like pairs carrying different magnetic moment coexist.