Testing Distance Estimators with the Fundamental Manifold

TL;DR

This paper uses the Fundamental Manifold to cross-calibrate various extragalactic distance estimators, enabling systematic comparison and potential refinement of distance measurements and the Hubble constant without relying solely on traditional methods.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to cross-calibrate multiple distance estimators using the Fundamental Manifold, allowing for systematic error checks across different methods and distances.

Findings

No significant discrepancies between distance methods (< 2 sigma)

Potential for refinement with homogeneous near-IR data

Confirmed metallicity dependence of SN Ia distances

Abstract

We demonstrate how the Fundamental Manifold (FM) can be used to cross-calibrate distance estimators even when those "standard candles" are not found in the same galaxy. Such an approach greatly increases the number of distance measurements that can be utilized to check for systematic distance errors and the types of estimators that can be compared. Here we compare distances obtained using SN Ia, Cepheids, surface brightness fluctuations, the luminosity of the tip of the red giant branch, circumnuclear masers, eclipsing binaries, RR Lyrae stars, and the planetary nebulae luminosity functions. We find no significant discrepancies (differences are < 2 sigma) between distance methods, although differences at the ~10% level cannot yet be ruled out. The potential exists for significant refinement because the data used here are heterogeneous B-band magnitudes that will soon be supplanted by homogeneous, near-IR magnitudes. We illustrate the use of FM distances to 1) revisit the question of the metallicity sensitivity of various estimators, confirming the dependence of SN Ia distances on host galaxy metallicity, and 2) provide an alternative calibration of H_0 that replaces the classical ladder approach in the use of extragalactic distance estimators with one that utilizes data over a wide range of distances simultaneously.