The embedded cluster or association Trumpler 37 in IC1396: a search for evolutionary constraints

TL;DR

This study investigates Trumpler 37 in IC1396 to understand its evolutionary stage, suggesting it is more likely an OB association than a bound star cluster based on structural and stellar analysis.

Contribution

The paper provides new insights into the evolutionary status of Trumpler 37 using 2MASS data and compares it with other objects to constrain models of embedded cluster evolution.

Findings

Trumpler 37 is likely an OB association, not a bound star cluster.

Analysis of 11 bright-rimmed clouds revealed no new young clusters.

Comparison with other objects supports the evolutionary scenario of embedded clusters.

Abstract

It is currently widely accepted that open star clusters and stellar associations result from the evolution of embedded star clusters. Parameters such star formation efficiency, time-scale of gas removal and velocity dispersion can be determinants of their future as bound or unbound systems. Finding objects at an intermediate evolution state can provide constraints to model the embedded cluster evolution. In the HII region IC1396, Trumpler 37 is an extended young cluster that presents characteristics of an association. We employed the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) photometry to analysing its structure and stellar content, and determining its astrophysical parameters. We also analysed 11 bright-rimmed clouds in IC1396 in order to search for young infrared star clusters, and the background open star cluster Teutsch 74, to verify whether it has any contribution to the observed stellar density profile of Trumpler 37. The derived parameters and comparison with template objects from other studies lead us to conclude that Trumpler 37, rather than as a star cluster, will probably emerge from its molecular cloud as an OB association.