Measurement of the Neutron Radius of 208Pb Through Parity-Violation in   Electron Scattering

S. Abrahamyan; Z. Ahmed; H. Albataineh; K. Aniol; D. S. Armstrong; W.; Armstrong; T. Averett; B. Babineau; A. Barbieri; V. Bellini; R. Beminiwattha,; J. Benesch; F. Benmokhtar; T. Bielarski; W. Boeglin; A. Camsonne; M. Canan,; P. Carter; G. D. Cates; C. Chen; J.-P. Chen; O. Hen; F. Cusanno; M. M.; Dalton; R. De Leo; K. de Jager; W. Deconinck; P. Decowski; X. Deng; A. Deur,; D. Dutta; A. Etile; D. Flay; G. B. Franklin; M. Friend; S. Frullani; E.; Fuchey; F. Garibaldi; E. Gasser; R. Gilman; A. Giusa; A. Glamazdin; J. Gomez,; J. Grames; C. Gu; O. Hansen; J. Hansknecht; D. W. Higinbotham; R. S. Holmes,; T. Holmstrom; C. J. Horowitz; J. Hoskins; J. Huang; C. E. Hyde; F. Itard,; C.-M. Jen; E. Jensen; G. Jin; S. Johnston; A. Kelleher; K. Kliakhandler; P.M.; King; S. Kowalski; K. S. Kumar; J. Leacock; J. Leckey IV; J. H. Lee; J. J.; LeRose; R. Lindgren; N. Liyanage; N. Lubinsky; J. Mammei; F. Mammoliti; D.J.; Margaziotis; P. Markowitz; A. McCreary; D. McNulty; L. Mercado; Z.-E.; Meziani; R. W. Michaels; M. Mihovilovic; N. Muangma; C. Mu\~noz-Camacho; S.; Nanda; V. Nelyubin; N. Nuruzzaman; Y. Oh; A. Palmer; D. Parno; K. D. Paschke,; S. K. Phillips; B. Poelker; R. Pomatsalyuk; M. Posik; A.J.R. Puckett; B.; Quinn; A. Rakhman; P. E. Reimer; S. Riordan; P. Rogan; G. Ron; G. Russo; K.; Saenboonruang; A. Saha; B. Sawatzky; A. Shahinyan; R. Silwal; S. Sirca; K.; Slifer; P. Solvignon; P. A. Souder; M. L. Sperduto; R. Subedi; R. Suleiman,; V. Sulkosky; C. M. Sutera; W. A. Tobias; W. Troth; G. M. Urciuoli; B.; Waidyawansa; D. Wang; J. Wexler; R. Wilson; B. Wojtsekhowski; X. Yan; H. Yao,; Y. Ye; Z. Ye; V. Yim; L. Zana; X. Zhan; J. Zhang; Y. Zhang; X. Zheng; and P.; Zhu

arXiv:1201.2568·nucl-ex·March 27, 2012

Measurement of the Neutron Radius of 208Pb Through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering

S. Abrahamyan, Z. Ahmed, H. Albataineh, K. Aniol, D. S. Armstrong, W., Armstrong, T. Averett, B. Babineau, A. Barbieri, V. Bellini, R. Beminiwattha,, J. Benesch, F. Benmokhtar, T. Bielarski, W. Boeglin, A. Camsonne, M. Canan,, P. Carter, G. D. Cates, C. Chen, J.-P. Chen, O. Hen

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TL;DR

This paper reports the first measurement of the neutron skin thickness in lead-208 using parity-violating electron scattering, providing new insights into neutron distribution in heavy nuclei.

Contribution

It introduces the first experimental determination of the neutron radius in 208Pb via parity-violating electron scattering, revealing the neutron skin thickness.

Findings

01

Measured parity-violating asymmetry A_PV = 0.656 ± 0.060 (stat) ± 0.014 (syst) ppm.

02

Determined neutron skin thickness Rn - Rp = 0.33 +0.16 -0.18 fm.

03

First electroweak observation of the neutron skin in a heavy nucleus.

Abstract

We report the first measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A_PV in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from 208Pb. A_PV is sensitive to the radius of the neutron distribution (Rn). The result A_PV = 0.656 \pm 0.060 (stat) \pm 0.014 (syst) ppm corresponds to a difference between the radii of the neutron and proton distributions Rn - Rp = 0.33 +0.16 -0.18 fm and provides the first electroweak observation of the neutron skin which is expected in a heavy, neutron-rich nucleus.

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