NGC 6778: a disrupted planetary nebula around a binary central star

TL;DR

This study investigates the morphology and kinematics of the planetary nebula NGC 6778, revealing how its binary central star and collimated outflows have disrupted its bipolar structure.

Contribution

It provides detailed morphological and kinematic analysis linking the nebula's disruption to binary evolution and collimated outflows, highlighting their role in shaping planetary nebulae.

Findings

NGC 6778 has a bipolar structure with a highly disrupted equatorial ring.

Fast collimated outflows originate from knots at bipolar lobe tips.

Interaction of outflows with the nebula caused shell disruption.

Abstract

The planetary nebula (PN) NGC 6778 harbors a binary central star with a short orbital period and displays two systems of fast collimated outflows. In order to assess the influence of the evolution through a common-envelope phase of the binary system of NGC 6778 on its formation and shaping, we have used narrow-band images and high-dispersion long-slit spectra of the nebula to investigate its detailed morphology and kinematics. We find that the overall structure of NGC 6778 can be described as a bipolar PN. The equatorial ring is highly disrupted and many radial features (filamentary wisps and cometary knots) also evidence strong dynamical effects. There are clear connections between the bipolar lobes and the fast collimated outflows: the collimated outflows seem to arise from bright knots at the tips of the bipolar lobes, whereas the kinematics of the bipolar lobes is distorted. We suggest that the interaction of the fast collimated outflows of NGC 6778 with its nebular envelope has resulted in the disruption of the nebular shell and equatorial ring.