Manipulating dipolar and spin-exchange interactions in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper presents a method using rf pulses and optical Feshbach resonance sequences to independently control dipolar and spin-exchange interactions in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates, enabling enhanced magnetometry.

Contribution

It introduces a novel sequence of pulse techniques to selectively manipulate entangled interactions in spinor condensates, improving control over spin dynamics.

Findings

Either interaction can be suppressed to dominate spin dynamics.

Both interactions can be suppressed simultaneously for high-sensitivity magnetometry.

The method has potential applications in magnetic resonance and spintronics.

Abstract

It remains a challenge to independently manipulate the magnetic dipolar and the spin-exchange interactions, which are entangled in many spin systems, particularly in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates. For this purpose, we put forward a sequence of rf pulses and the periodic dynamical decoupling sequence of optical Feshbach resonance pulses to control the dipolar and the spin-exchange interactions, respectively. Our analytic results and the numerical simulations demonstrate that either of the two interactions can be suppressed to make the other dominate the spin dynamics; furthermore, both of the interactions can be simultaneously suppressed to realize spinor-condensate-based magnetometers with a higher sensitivity. This manipulation method may find its wide applications in magnetic resonance and spintronics.