Tangled nonlinear driven chain reactions of all optical singularities

TL;DR

This paper investigates the complex chain reactions of optical singularities in speckle fields created in a photorefractive crystal, revealing their tangled topological development driven by nonlinear effects and providing insights into optical damage dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of the topological chain reactions of optical singularities in speckle fields within a photorefractive medium, highlighting their tangled development and statistical properties.

Findings

Singularities develop through tangled chain reactions driven by nonlinearities.

Nucleated singularities often annihilate directly or with others in a 1:9 ratio.

Hierarchy of singularities influences the scenario of tangled chain reactions.

Abstract

Dynamics of polarization optical singularities chain reactions in generic elliptically polarized speckle fields created in photorefractive crystal LiNbO3 was investigated in details Induced speckle field develops in the tens of minutes scale due to photorefractive 'optical damage effect' induced by incident beam of He-Ne laser. It was shown that polarization singularities develop through topological chain reactions of developing speckle fields driven by photorefractive nonlinearities induced by incident laser beam. All optical singularities (C points, optical vortices, optical diabolos,) are defined by instantaneous topological structure of the output wavefront and are tangled by singular optics lows. Therefore, they have develop in tangled way by six topological chain reactions driven by nonlinear processes in used nonlinear medium (photorefractive LiNbO3:Fe in our case): C-points and optical diabolos for right (left) polarized components domains with orthogonally left (right) polarized optical vortices underlying them. All elements of chain reactions consist from loop and chain links when nucleated singularities annihilated directly or with alien singularities in 1:9 ratio. The topological reason of statistics was established by low probability of far enough separation of born singularities pair from existing neighbor singularities during loop trajectories. Topology of developing speckle field was measured and analyzed by dynamic stokes polarimetry with few seconds' resolution. The hierarchy of singularities govern scenario of tangled chain reactions was defined. The useful space-time data about peculiarities of optical damage evolution were obtained from existence and parameters of 'islands of stability' in developing speckle fields.