Fully Explorable Horned Particles Hiding Charge

TL;DR

This paper explores a fully explorable horned particle model with a time-like brane, revealing how charge can be hidden behind a tube-like region, with implications for confinement and the necessity of negative energy density.

Contribution

It introduces a new horned particle configuration with a time-like brane that is fully visible to external observers, expanding understanding of charge hiding and confinement mechanisms.

Findings

Horned particles can be fully explorable with a time-like brane.

Charge is expelled into a tube-like region, making the object appear neutral externally.

Negative energy density at the throat is required for the model's consistency.

Abstract

The charge-hiding effect by a horned particle, which was studied for the case where gravity/gauge-field system is self-consistently interacting with a charged lightlike brane (LLB) as a matter source, is now studied for the case of a time like brane. From the demand that no surfaces of infinite coordinate time redshift (horizons) appear in the problem we are lead now to a completly explorable horned particle space for traveller that goes through the horned particle (as was the case for the LLB) but now also in addition to this, the horned region is fully visible to a static external observer. This requires negative surface energy density for the shell sitting at the throat. We study a gauge field subsystem which is of a special non-linear form containing a square-root of the Maxwell term and which previously has been shown to produce a QCD-like confining gauge field dynamics in flat space-time. The condition of finite energy of the system or asymptotic flatness on one side of the horned particle implies that the charged object sitting at the throat expels all the flux it produces into the other side of the horned particle, which turns out to be of a "tube-like" nature. An outside observer in the asymptotically flat universe detects, therefore, apparently neutral object. The hiding of the electric flux behind the tube-like region of a horned particle is the only possible way that a truly charged particle can still be of finite energy, in a theory that in flat space describes confinement. This points to the physical relevance of such solutions, even though there is the need of negative energy density at the throat of the horned particle, which can be of quantum mechanical origin.