Entangling many-body bound states with propagative modes in Bose-Hubbard systems

TL;DR

This paper investigates the dynamics of bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice subjected to a linear ramp, revealing complex phenomena like partial ejection, self-trapping, Josephson oscillations, and entanglement between bound states and propagative modes.

Contribution

It introduces a realistic setup coupling bound states to propagative modes in Bose-Hubbard systems, analyzing entanglement and thermalization effects with analytical and numerical methods.

Findings

Partial particle ejection at high ramps

Self-trapped density profiles with Josephson oscillations

Entanglement between diverging condensates

Abstract

The quantum evolution of a cloud of bosons initially localized on part of a one dimensional optical lattice and suddenly subjected to a linear ramp is studied, realizing a quantum analog of the "Galileo ramp" experiment. The main remarkable effects of this realistic setup are revealed using analytical and numerical methods. Only part of the particles are ejected for a high enough ramp, while the others remain self-trapped. Then, the trapped density profile displays rich dynamics with Josephson-like oscillations around a plateau. This setup, by coupling bound states to propagative modes, creates two diverging condensates for which the entanglement is computed and related to the equilibrium one. Further, we address the role of integrability on the entanglement and on the damping and thermalization of simple observables.