Existence of global weak solutions to finitely extensible nonlinear bead-spring chain models for dilute polymers with variable density and viscosity

TL;DR

This paper proves the existence of global weak solutions for a complex coupled model describing dilute polymer solutions with variable density and viscosity, integrating fluid dynamics and polymer chain behavior.

Contribution

It establishes the first rigorous proof of global weak solutions for a general class of nonhomogeneous FENE bead-spring chain models with variable density and viscosity.

Findings

Existence of global weak solutions for the coupled system.

The solutions satisfy initial conditions and are valid in 2D and 3D domains.

The proof uses a limiting procedure on regularization parameters.

Abstract

We show the existence of global-in-time weak solutions to a general class of coupled bead-spring chain models that arise from the kinetic theory of dilute solutions of nonhomogeneous polymeric liquids with noninteracting polymer chains, with finitely extensible nonlinear elastic (FENE) spring potentials. The class of models under consideration involves the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with variable density and density-dependent dynamic viscosity in a bounded domain in two and three space dimensions, for the density, the velocity and the pressure of the fluid, with an elastic extra-stress tensor appearing on the right-hand side in the momentum equation. The extra-stress tensor stems from the random movement of the polymer chains and is defined by the Kramers expression through the associated probability density that satisfies a Fokker-Planck-type parabolic equation, a crucial feature of which is the presence of a centre-of-mass diffusion term and a nonlinear density-dependent drag coefficient. With a bounded and positive initial density for the continuity equation; a square-integrable and divergence-free initial velocity datum for the Navier-Stokes equation; and a nonnegative initial probability density function for the Fokker-Planck equation, which has finite relative entropy with respect to the Maxwellian associated with the spring potential in the model, we prove, via a limiting procedure on certain regularization parameters, the existence of a global-in-time weak solution to the coupled Navier-Stokes-Fokker-Planck system, satisfying the given initial condition.