Lunar system constraints on the modified theories of gravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates how lunar and satellite measurements constrain modified gravity theories, specifically AQUAL as a realization of MOND, refuting some proposed functionals based on observational data.

Contribution

It demonstrates that precise lunar and satellite data impose constraints on the functional forms in AQUAL theory, ruling out some proposed models.

Findings

Certain proposed functionals are refuted by lunar laser ranging data.

Satellite tracking data constrains the functional form in AQUAL theory.

Accurate measurements of Earth's GM limit the parameter space of modified gravity models.

Abstract

The MOND paradigm to the missing mass problem requires introducing a functional that is to be identified through observations and experiments. We consider AQUAL theory as a realization of the MOND. We show that the accurate value of the Earth GM measured by the Lunar Laser Ranging and that by various artificial Earth satellites, including the accurate tracking of the LAGEOS satellites, constrain this functional such that some of the chosen/proposed functional are refuted.