Wigner crystal induced by dipole-dipole interaction in one-dimensional optical lattices

TL;DR

This paper shows that in one-dimensional optical lattices, strongly repulsive dipolar interactions lead to Wigner crystal formation, evidenced by distinct signatures in structure factor, momentum, and density distributions, using exact diagonalization methods.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed numerical analysis demonstrating Wigner crystal emergence due to dipole-dipole interactions in 1D optical lattices, highlighting differences from nearest-neighbor interaction systems.

Findings

Wigner crystal signatures are evident in structure factor, momentum, and density distributions.

Dipolar interactions produce distinct behaviors compared to nearest-neighbor interactions.

Exact diagonalization confirms the formation of Wigner crystals in the studied system.

Abstract

We demonstrate that the static structure factor, momentum distribution and density distribution provide clear signatures of the emergence of Wigner crystal for the fermionic dipolar gas with strongly repulsive dipole-dipole interactions trapped in one-dimensional optical lattices. Our numerical evidences are based on the exact diagonalization of the microscopic effective lattice Hamiltonian of few particles interacting with long-range interactions. As a comparison, we also study the system with only nearest-neighbor interactions, which displays quite different behaviors from the dipolar system in the regime of strong repulsion.