A 233 km Circumference Tunnel for $e^+$$e^-$, $p$$\bar {p}$, and $\mu^{+} \mu^{-}$ Colliders

TL;DR

This paper reevaluates the feasibility of constructing a 233 km tunnel in Illinois for multiple types of colliders, incorporating 21st-century technology advancements to enhance performance and cost-effectiveness.

Contribution

It presents a modernized design proposal for a multi-purpose collider tunnel using advanced current technologies for $e^+e^-$, $par{p}$, and $ u^{+} u^{-}$ colliders, updating previous cost and feasibility analyses.

Findings

Proposes a 233 km tunnel with advanced collider technologies.

Details collider designs using modern superconducting and low-emittance techniques.

Highlights potential for US leadership in particle physics infrastructure.

Abstract

In 2001 a cost analysis survey was conducted to build a 233km circumference tunnel in northern Illinois in which to build a Very Large Hadron Collider. Ten years later I have reexamined the proposal, taking into consideration the technological advancements in all the aspects of construction cost analysis. I outline the implementations of $e^+ e^-$, $p{\bar{p}}$, and $\mu^+\mu^-$ collider rings in the tunnel using 21${\rm{st}}$ century technology. The $e^+e^-$ collider employs a Crab Waist Crossing, ultra low emittance damped bunches, 12 GV of superconducting RF, and 0.026 Tesla low coercivity grain oriented silicon steel/concrete dipoles. The $p{\bar{p}}$ collider uses the high intensity Fermilab $\bar{p}$ source, exploits high cross sections for $p\bar{p}$ production of high mass states, and uses 2 Tesla ultra low carbon steel/YBCO superconductor magnets run with liquid neon. The $\mu^+\mu^-$ ring ramps the $p{\bar{p}}$ magnets at 8 Hz every 0.4 seconds, uses 250 GV of SRF, and mitigates neutrino radiation with a phase shifting roller coaster FODO lattice. Such colliders could provide the means necessary for Chicago, and more importantly America, to stay relevant and competitive in the international marketplace of particle physics.