Astrophysical uncertainties on direct detection experiments

TL;DR

This paper reviews how astrophysical uncertainties in local dark matter properties affect the expected signals in direct detection experiments, highlighting current methods, observational data, and simulation results.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of modeling methods, observational constraints, and simulation insights into astrophysical uncertainties impacting dark matter direct detection signals.

Findings

Uncertainties in local dark matter density affect detection rate predictions.

Velocity distribution assumptions influence expected signal characteristics.

Handling astrophysical uncertainties is crucial for interpreting experimental data.

Abstract

Direct detection experiments are poised to detect dark matter in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). The signals expected in these experiments depend on the ultra-local WIMP density and velocity distribution. Firstly we review methods for modelling the dark matter distribution. We then discuss observational determinations of the local dark matter density, circular speed and escape speed and the results of numerical simulations of Milky Way-like dark matter halos. In each case we highlight the uncertainties and assumptions made. We then overview the resulting uncertainties in the signals expected in direct detection experiments, specifically the energy, time and direction dependence of the event rate. Finally we conclude by discussing techniques for handling the astrophysical uncertainties when interpreting data from direct detection experiments.