Hyperons and massive neutron stars: vector repulsion and SU(3) symmetry

TL;DR

This paper investigates the conditions for hyperon presence in massive neutron stars, analyzing vector meson-hyperon couplings under SU(3) symmetry, and finds a linear relation between maximum mass and strangeness content.

Contribution

It introduces a model linking neutron star maximum mass to hyperon strangeness content, independent of the nuclear equation of state and coupling scheme.

Findings

Maximum neutron star mass decreases linearly with hyperon strangeness.

Pulsar mass measurements can constrain hyperon content in neutron stars.

The relation is consistent across different symmetry models.

Abstract

With the discovery of massive neutron stars such as PSR J1614-2230, the question has arisen whether exotic matter such as hyperons can exist in the neutron star core. We examine the conditions under which hyperons can exist in massive neutron stars. We consistently investigate the vector meson-hyperon coupling, going from SU(6) quark model to a broader SU(3) symmetry. We propose that the maximum neutron star mass decreases linearly with the strangeness content f_s of the neutron star core as M_max(f_s) = M_max(0) - 0.6 M_solar (f_s/0.1), which seems to be independent of the underlying nuclear equation of state and the vector baryon-meson coupling scheme. Thus, pulsar mass measurements can be used to constrain the hyperon fraction in neutron stars.