Quadratic Gravitational Lagrangian with Torsion Can Give Possible Explanations of the Form of Galactic Rotation Curves, of the Amount of Intergalactic Lensings, and of the Accelerating Expansion of the Universe

TL;DR

This paper explores how a quadratic gravitational Lagrangian with torsion offers potential explanations for galactic rotation curves, gravitational lensing, and cosmic acceleration, suggesting a richer solution space than Einstein's theory.

Contribution

It introduces a quadratic gravitational model with torsion that provides new solutions capable of explaining key cosmological and astrophysical phenomena.

Findings

Explains galactic rotation curves without dark matter

Accounts for observed gravitational lensing effects

Describes universe's accelerating expansion

Abstract

The Quadratic Gravitational Lagrangian with torsion provides us with a richer number of solutions than the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian does. With proper interpretation, these solutions, together, seem to give good explanations of the form of the galactic rotation curves, of the amount of intergalactic gravitational lensings, and of the accelerating expansion of the Universe. The existence of Particle Families can also arise from the existence of these various microscopic metrics endowed to the respective particles