Black hole Area-Angular momentum-Charge inequality in dynamical non-vacuum spacetimes

TL;DR

This paper proves a quasi-local inequality relating the area, angular momentum, and charge of apparent horizons in dynamical, non-vacuum black hole spacetimes, extending previous results to more general conditions.

Contribution

It establishes a new area-angular momentum-charge inequality applicable to non-vacuum, dynamical black holes with matter and cosmological constant, under minimal symmetry assumptions.

Findings

The inequality holds for apparent horizons in generic dynamical spacetimes.

It applies to axially symmetric, outermost trapped surfaces with matter satisfying energy conditions.

The result generalizes previous static or vacuum inequalities to more realistic black hole scenarios.

Abstract

We show that the area-angular momentum-charge inequality (A/(4\pi))^2 \geq (2J)^2 + (Q_E^2 + Q_M^2)^2 holds for apparent horizons of electrically and magnetically charged rotating black holes in generic dynamical and non-vacuum spacetimes. More specifically, this quasi-local inequality applies to axially symmetric closed outermost stably marginally (outer) trapped surfaces, embedded in non-necessarily axisymmetric black hole spacetimes with non-negative cosmological constant and matter content satisfying the dominant energy condition.