Searching for hidden mirror symmetries in CMB fluctuations from WMAP 7 year maps

TL;DR

This study identifies significant hidden mirror symmetries in the large-scale CMB fluctuations from WMAP 7-year data, suggesting potential cosmological or primordial origins for these anomalies.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel pixel and harmonic domain estimator to detect and analyze hidden mirror symmetries in CMB data, revealing axes with anomalous symmetry levels.

Findings

Detected axes with 99.84% and 99.96% confidence levels for mirror symmetry.

Symmetry anomalies are mainly due to low multipoles, indicating possible primordial origins.

Anti-symmetry effects are linked to intermediate multipoles, likely non-fundamental.

Abstract

We search for hidden mirror symmetries at large angular scales in the WMAP 7 year Internal Linear Combination map of CMB temperature anisotropies using global pixel based estimators introduced for this aim. Two different axes are found for which the CMB intensity pattern is anomalously symmetric (or anti-symmetric) under reflection with respect to orthogonal planes at the 99.84(99.96)% CL (confidence level), if compared to a result for an arbitrary axis in simulations without the symmetry. We have verified that our results are robust to the introduction of the galactic mask. The direction of such axes is close to the CMB kinematic dipole and nearly orthogonal to the ecliptic plane, respectively. If instead the real data are compared to those in simulations taken with respect to planes for which the maximal mirror symmetry is generated by chance, the confidence level decreases to 92.39 (76.65)%. But when the effect in question translates into the anomalous alignment between normals to planes of maximal mirror (anti)-symmetry and these natural axes mentioned. We also introduce the representation of the above estimators in the harmonic domain, confirming the results obtained in the pixel one. The symmetry anomaly is shown to be almost entirely due to low multipoles, so it may have a cosmological and even primordial origin. Contrary, the anti-symmetry one is mainly due to intermediate multipoles that probably suggests its non-fundamental nature. We have demonstrated that these anomalies are not connected to the known issue of the low variance in WMAP observations and we have checked that axially symmetric parts of these anomalies are small, so that the axes are not the symmetry ones.