Net-charge probability distributions in heavy ion collisions at chemical freeze-out

TL;DR

This paper uses the hadron resonance gas model to analyze net charge probability distributions in heavy ion collisions, linking theoretical predictions with experimental data to explore properties at chemical freeze-out.

Contribution

It derives net charge distributions for various quantum numbers within the hadron resonance gas model and examines their dependence on multi-charged particles and quantum statistics.

Findings

Distributions can be computed from measured hadron yields.

Multi-charged particles significantly influence distribution shapes.

Results can be compared with RHIC and LHC data to study freeze-out conditions.

Abstract

We explore net charge probability distributions in heavy ion collisions within the hadron resonance gas model. The distributions for strangeness, electric charge and baryon number are derived. We show that, within this model, net charge probability distributions and the resulting fluctuations can be computed directly from the measured yields of charged and multi-charged hadrons. The influence of multi-charged particles and quantum statistics on the shape of the distribution is examined. We discuss the properties of the net proton distribution along the chemical freeze-out line. The model results presented here can be compared with data at RHIC energies and at the LHC to possibly search for the relation between chemical freeze-out and QCD cross-over lines in heavy ion collisions.