Thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of spin-1 quantum Ising systems with three-spin interactions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of spin-1 quantum Ising systems with three-spin interactions on triangular lattices, revealing complex phase behavior including tricritical points and reentrant transitions.

Contribution

It introduces a mean-field analysis of spin-1 quantum Ising models with three-spin interactions, highlighting the emergence of rich phase diagrams and tricritical points.

Findings

Identification of stable, metastable, and unstable phases.

Discovery of tricritical points in the phase diagrams.

Presence of reentrant phase transitions under certain conditions.

Abstract

The spin-1 quantum Ising systems with three-spin interactions on two-dimensional triangular lattices are studied by mean-field method. The thermal variations of order parameters and phase diagrams are investigated in detail. The stable, metastable and unstable branches of the order parameters are obtained. According to the stable conditions at critical point, we find that the systems exhibit tricritical points. With crystal field and biquadratic interactions, the system has rich phase diagrams with single reentrant or double reentrant phase transitions for appropriate ranges of the both parameters.