Cavity approach to variational quantum mechanics

TL;DR

This paper introduces a local, distributive variational quantum algorithm connecting quantum states to classical Gibbs states, optimized via message passing, and applied to disordered quantum Ising models.

Contribution

It proposes a novel cavity-based, message passing algorithm for variational quantum mechanics, improving trial wave-functions through higher-order interactions.

Findings

Algorithm performs well on disordered quantum Ising models

Performance depends on trial wave-function quality

Method compares favorably with exact solutions for small systems

Abstract

A local and distributive algorithm is proposed to find an optimal trial wave-function minimizing the Hamiltonian expectation in a quantum system. To this end, the quantum state of the system is connected to the Gibbs state of a classical system with the set of couplings playing the role of variational parameters. The average energy is written within the replica-symmetric approximation and the optimal parameters are obtained by a heuristic message passing algorithm based on the Bethe approximation. The performance of this approximate algorithm depends on the structure and quality of the trial wave-functions; starting from a classical system of isolated elements, i.e. mean-field approximation, and improving on that by considering the higher order many-body interactions. The method is applied to some disordered quantum Ising models in transverse fields and the results are compared with the exact ones for small systems.