Analysing the Effect on CMB in a Parity and Charge Parity Violating Varying Alpha Theory

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a parity and charge-parity violating varying alpha model affects CMB polarization as it passes through galaxy cluster plasma, providing constraints on model parameters using SZ measurements.

Contribution

It introduces a new PCP violating model of varying alpha and analyzes its impact on CMB polarization, deriving constraints from galaxy cluster observations.

Findings

Lower bound on alpha variation scale: $oxed{6.4 imes 10^{9} ext{ GeV}}$ for $eta=0$

Photon-to-scalar conversion probability constrained by SZ data

Model predicts polarization modifications dependent on parity-violating parameter $eta$

Abstract

In this paper we study in detail the effect of our recently proposed model of parity and charge-parity (PCP) violating varying alpha on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) photon passing through the intra galaxy-cluster medium (ICM). The ICM is well known to be composed of magnetized plasma. According to our model, the polarization and intensity of the CMB would be affected when traversing through the ICM due to non-trivial scalar photon interactions. We have calculated the evolution of such polarization and intensity collectively, known as the stokes parameters of the CMB photon during its journey through the ICM and tested our results against the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) measurement on Coma galaxy cluster. Our model contains a PCP violating parameter, $\beta$, and a scale of alpha variation $\omega$. Using the derived constrained on the photon-to-scalar conversion probability, ${\bar P}_{\gamma \rightarrow \phi}$, for Coma cluster in ref.[34] we found a contour plot in the ($\omega,\beta$) parameter plane. The $\beta =0$ line in this parameter space corresponds to well-studied Maxwell-dilaton type models which has lower bound on $\omega \gtrapprox 6.4 \times 10^{9}$ GeV. In general, as the absolute value of $\beta$ increases, lower bound on $\omega$ also increases. Our model in general predicts the modification of the CMB polarization with a non-trivial dependence on the parity violating coupling parameter $\beta$. However, it is unconstrained in this particular study. We show that this effect can in principle be detected in the future measurements on CMB polarization such that $\beta$ can also be constrained.