Controlled generation of momentum states in a high-finesse ring cavity

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates controlled generation of specific atomic momentum states in a high-finesse ring cavity using Bose-Einstein condensates, enabling precise manipulation of atom-photon entanglement and momentum lattice populations.

Contribution

It introduces a model for 2D collective atomic recoil lasing in a high-finesse cavity, showing how to selectively populate momentum states via pump angle and frequency tuning.

Findings

Controlled population of discrete momentum states achieved.

Symmetric and asymmetric momentum lattices demonstrated.

Tuning pump parameters allows on-demand state selection.

Abstract

A Bose-Einstein condensate in a high-finesse ring cavity scatters the photons of a pump beam into counterpropagating cavity modes, populating a bi-dimensional momentum lattice. A high-finesse ring cavity with a sub-recoil linewidth allows to control the quantized atomic motion, selecting particular discrete momentum states and generating atom-photon entanglement. The semiclassical and quantum model for the 2D collective atomic recoil lasing (CARL) are derived and the superradiant and good-cavity regimes discussed. For pump incidence perpendicular to the cavity axis, the momentum lattice is symmetrically populated. Conversely, for oblique pump incidence the motion along the two recoil directions is unbalanced and different momentum states can be populated on demand by tuning the pump frequency.