Modeling Flux Noise in SQUIDs Due to Hyperfine Interactions
Jiansheng Wu, Clare C. Yu
TL;DR
This paper models flux noise in SQUIDs caused by surface electron spins relaxing through hyperfine interactions, suggesting material choices can reduce noise levels.
Contribution
It introduces a new model linking hyperfine interactions to flux noise in SQUIDs, highlighting the impact of isotopic composition on noise reduction.
Findings
Flux noise can be mitigated by using materials with isotopes lacking nuclear moments.
Hyperfine interactions enable electron spins to relax without conserving magnetization.
Materials like zinc and lead could significantly reduce flux noise in SQUIDs.
Abstract
Recent experiments implicate spins on the surface of metals as the source of flux noise in SQUIDs, and indicate that these spins are able to relax without conserving total magnetization. We present a model of flux noise in which electron spins on the surface of metals can relax via hyperfine interactions. Our results indicate that flux noise would be significantly reduced in superconducting materials where the most abundant isotopes do not have nuclear moments such as zinc and lead.
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