The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets. IV. Massive companions in the planet-brown dwarf boundary
R. F. D\'iaz (1, 2), A. Santerne (3), J. Sahlmann (4), G. H\'ebrard, (1, 2), A. Eggenberger (5), N. C. Santos (6, 7), C. Moutou (3), L., Arnold (2), I. Boisse (6), X. Bonfils (5), F. Bouchy (1, 2), X. Delfosse, (5), M. Desort (5), D. Ehrenreich (5), T. Forveille (5)

TL;DR
This study enhances understanding of the mass boundary between massive planets and brown dwarfs by discovering new sub-stellar objects and refining their orbital parameters using radial velocity and astrometric data.
Contribution
It reports seven new objects near the planet-brown dwarf boundary, employs novel methods for characterizing their nature, and improves parameters of a known brown dwarf.
Findings
Discovered 7 new sub-stellar objects with masses between 10 and 90 Jupiter masses.
Identified 2 low-mass stars in low-inclination orbits.
Confirmed and refined parameters of a known brown dwarf, HD137510b.
Abstract
The mass domain where massive extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs lay is still poorly understood. Indeed, not even a clear dividing line between massive planets and brown dwarfs has been established yet. This is partly due to the paucity of this kind of objects orbiting close to solar-type stars, the so-called brown dwarf desert, that hinders setting up a strong observational base to compare to models and theories of formation and evolution. We search to increase the current sample of massive sub-stellar objects with precise orbital parameters, and to constrain the true mass of detected sub-stellar candidates. The initial identification of sub-stellar candidates is done using precise radial velocity measurements obtained with the SOPHIE spectrograph at the 1.93-m telescope of the Haute-Provence Observatory. Subsequent characterisation of these candidates, with the principal aim of…
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Taxonomy
TopicsStellar, planetary, and galactic studies · Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies · Astro and Planetary Science
