Out of Medium Fragmentation from Long-Lived Jet Showers

TL;DR

This paper investigates the timing of jet splittings in vacuum and compares it with the path lengths in heavy ion collisions, revealing most splittings occur outside the medium, impacting jet quenching understanding.

Contribution

It provides a simple uncertainty principle estimate of jet evolution timing and compares vacuum splittings with medium path lengths to understand jet-medium interactions.

Findings

Majority of splittings occur at large times, several femtometers.

Over 80% of jet splittings happen outside the medium if no medium effects are present.

Current data suggests significant implications for jet quenching models.

Abstract

We study the time structure of vacuum jet evolution via a simple uncertainty principle estimate in the kinematic range explored by current heavy ion collisions at the LHC. We observe that a large fraction of the partonic splittings occur at large times, of the order of several fm. We compare the time distribution of vacuum splittings with the distribution of path lengths traversed by jets in a heavy ion collision. We find that if no medium induced modification of the jet dynamics were present, a very large fraction (larger than 80% for inclusive jets) of the jet splittings would occur outside of the medium. We confront this observation with current available data on jet properties in heavy ion collisions and discuss its implications for the dynamics of jet-medium interactions.