Existence and stability of periodic planar standing waves in phase-transitional elasticity with strain-gradient effects

TL;DR

This paper proves the existence and stability of periodic planar standing waves in phase-transitional elasticity models with strain-gradient effects, using variational and phase-plane methods, extending previous one-dimensional artificial models.

Contribution

It introduces a variational and phase-plane analysis for multi-dimensional models with physical viscosity and strain-gradient effects, advancing understanding of wave existence and stability.

Findings

Existence of non-constant periodic waves in these models.

Complete characterization of wave existence via phase-plane analysis.

Spectral stability implies nonlinear modulational stability.

Abstract

Extending investigations of Antman & Malek-Madani, Schecter & Shearer, Slemrod, Barker & Lewicka & Zumbrun, and others, we investigate phase-transitional elasticity models of strain-gradient effect. We prove the existence of non-constant planar periodic standing waves in these models with strain-gradient effects by variational methods and phase-plane analysis, for deformations of arbitrary dimension and general, physical, viscosity and strain-gradient terms. Previous investigations considered one-dimensional phenomenological models with artificial viscosity/strain gradient effect, for which the existence reduces to a standard (scalar) nonlinear oscillator. For our variational analysis, we require that the mean vector of the unknowns over one period be in the elliptic region with respect to the corresponding pure inviscid elastic model. For our (1-D) phase-plane analysis, we have no such restriction, obtaining essentially complete information on the existence of non-constant periodic waves and bounding homoclinic/heteroclinic waves. Our variational framework has implications also for time-evolutionary stability, through the link between the action functional for the traveling-wave ODE and the relative mechanical energy for the time-evolutionary system. Finally, we show that spectral implies modulational nonlinear stability by using a change of variables introduced by Kotschote to transform our system to a strictly parabolic system to which general results of Johnson--Zumbrun apply. Previous such results were confined to one-dimensional deformations in models with artificial viscosity--strain-gradient coefficients.