Dynamical Casmir effect and Conductivity

TL;DR

This paper explores how the second law of thermodynamics imposes an upper limit on conductivity by analyzing a cavity model where the dynamical Casimir effect generates non-thermal photons, affecting thermodynamic properties.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical model linking the dynamical Casimir effect with conductivity limits, highlighting thermodynamic constraints on physical systems.

Findings

Pressure fluctuations induce photon generation via the dynamical Casimir effect.

Generated photons follow a non-thermal distribution.

An upper limit on conductivity is required to satisfy the second law of thermodynamics.

Abstract

In this paper we find that the second law of thermodynamics requires an upper limit of the conductivity. To begin with we present an ideal model, the cavity with a mobile plate, for studying the thermodynamic properties of radiation field. It is shown that the pressure fluctuation of thermal radiation field in the cavity leads to the random motion of the plate and photons would be generated by dynamical Casimir effect. Meanwhile, such photons obey a non-thermal distribution. Then, to ensure the second law of thermodynamics, there must be a upper limit of the conductivity.