Baryon Number Violating Scalar Diquarks at the LHC

TL;DR

This paper investigates baryon number violating scalar diquarks that could be detectable at the LHC, analyzing their theoretical constraints, effects on matter-antimatter asymmetry, and collider phenomenology.

Contribution

It introduces a specific BNV extension involving scalar diquarks, analyzing constraints and collider signatures for TeV-scale particles.

Findings

Constraints from neutron-antineutron oscillations limit couplings and masses.

Baryon number violation can be compatible with matter-antimatter asymmetry.

Potential signals at the LHC for TeV-scale diquark scalars.

Abstract

Baryon number violating (BNV) processes are heavily constrained by experiments searching for nucleon decay and neutron-antineutron oscillations. If the baryon number violation occurs via the third generation quarks, however, we may be able to avoid the nucleon stability constraints, thus making such BNV interactions accessible at the LHC. In this paper we study a specific class of BNV extensions of the standard model (SM) involving diquark and leptoquark scalars. After an introduction to these models we study one promising extension in detail, being interested in particles with mass of O(TeV). We calculate limits on the masses and couplings from neutron-antineutron oscillations and dineutron decay for couplings to first and third generation quarks. We explore the possible consequences of such a model on the matter-antimatter asymmetry. We shall see that for models which break the global baryon minus lepton number symmetry, (B-L), the most stringent constraints come from the need to preserve a matter-antimatter asymmetry. That is, the BNV interaction cannot be introduced if it would remove the matter-antimatter asymmetry independent of baryogenesis mechanism and temperature. Finally, we examine the phenomenology of such models at colliders such as the LHC.