Manipulating superconducting fluctuations by the Little-Parks-de Gennes effect in ultrasmall Al loops

TL;DR

This paper reports the experimental observation of the Little-Parks-de Gennes effect in ultrasmall aluminum loops, demonstrating control over superconducting fluctuations and phase coherence restoration using side branches.

Contribution

First experimental demonstration of the Little-Parks-de Gennes effect in ultrasmall Al loops, showing how side branches can manipulate superconducting fluctuations.

Findings

Observed destruction of superconductivity near half-integer flux quanta.

Demonstrated phase coherence restoration via side branches.

Validated theoretical predictions in a practical system.

Abstract

The destruction of superconducting phase coherence by quantum fluctuations and the control of these fluctuations have been a problem of long-standing interest, with recent impetus provided by its relevance to the pursuit of very high temperature superconductivity. Building on the work of Little and Parks, de Gennes predicted more than three decades ago that superconductivity could be destroyed near half-integer-flux quanta in ultrasmall loops with a side branch, resulting in a destructive regime. We report the experimental observation of this Little-Parks-de Gennes effect in Al loops prepared by advanced e-beam lithography. We show that the effect can be used to restore the lost phase coherence through side branches.