High-precision CTE measurement of hybrid C/SiC composite for cryogenic space telescopes

TL;DR

This study precisely measures the thermal expansion of a hybrid C/SiC composite for cryogenic space telescopes, demonstrating significantly reduced anisotropy and providing detailed temperature-dependent data.

Contribution

It introduces a new hybrid C/SiC composite with reduced anisotropy and provides high-precision thermal expansion data across cryogenic temperatures.

Findings

Anisotropy reduced to 4% in the hybrid composite.

CTE values are approximately 0.805 and 0.837×10^{-6} K^{-1} for XY and Z directions.

Measurement accuracy better than 0.01×10^{-6} K^{-1}.

Abstract

This paper presents highly precise measurements of thermal expansion of a "hybrid" carbon-fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite, HB-Cesic\textregistered - a trademark of ECM, in the temperature region of \sim310-10K. Whilst C/SiC composites have been considered to be promising for the mirrors and other structures of space-borne cryogenic telescopes, the anisotropic thermal expansion has been a potential disadvantage of this material. HB-Cesic\textregistered is a newly developed composite using a mixture of different types of chopped, short carbon-fiber, in which one of the important aims of the development was to reduce the anisotropy. The measurements indicate that the anisotropy was much reduced down to 4% as a result of hybridization. The thermal expansion data obtained are presented as functions of temperature using eighth-order polynomials separately for the horizontal (XY-) and vertical (Z-) directions of the fabrication process. The average CTEs and their dispersion (1{\sigma}) in the range 293-10K derived from the data for the XY- and Z-directions were 0.805$\pm$0.003\times10$^{-6}$ K$^{-1}$ and 0.837\pm0.001\times10$^{-6}$ K$^{-1}$, respectively. The absolute accuracy and the reproducibility of the present measurements are suggested to be better than 0.01\times10$^{-6}$ K$^{-1}$ and 0.001\times(10)^{-6} K^{-1}, respectively. The residual anisotropy of the thermal expansion was consistent with our previous speculation regarding carbon-fiber, in which the residual anisotropy tended to lie mainly in the horizontal plane.