Revisiting Axial-Vector Meson Mixing

TL;DR

This paper investigates the mixing angles of axial-vector mesons, using phenomenological and lattice data, and concludes that the $K_1$ mixing angle is likely less than 45 degrees, resolving a controversy.

Contribution

It demonstrates that approximate decoupling of light and strange quark states favors a $K_1$ mixing angle below 45 degrees, clarifying meson mixing ambiguities.

Findings

The $K_1$ mixing angle is likely around 35 degrees.

Large $sar s$ content in certain mesons is inconsistent with observed decays.

Decoupling approach helps discriminate between different mixing angle solutions.

Abstract

Various phenomenological studies indicate that the mixing angle $\theta_{K_1}$ of $K_{1A}$ and $K_{1B}$, the strange partners of the axial-vector mesons $a_1(1260)$ and $b_1(1235)$, respectively, lies in the vicinity of $35^\circ$ or $55^\circ$, but whether this angle is larger or smaller than $45^\circ$ still remains controversial. When the $f_1(1285)$-$f_1(1420)$ mixing angle $\theta_{^3P_1}$ and the $h_1(1170)$-$h_1(1380)$ mixing angle $\theta_{^1P_1}$ are determined from the mass relations, they depend on the masses of $K_{1A}$ and $K_{1B}$, which in turn depend on the mixing angle $\theta_{K_1}$. We show that the approximate decoupling of the light $q\bar q$ state from the heavier $s \bar s$ state, which is empirically valid for vector, tensor and $3^{--}$ mesons, when applied to isoscalar axial-vector mesons, will enable us to discriminate different solutions of $\theta_{^3P_1}$ and $\theta_{^1P_1}$ and pick up $\theta_{K_1}\sim 35^\circ$. Indeed, for $\theta_{K_1}\sim 55^\circ$, the predicted $\theta_{^1P_1}$ disagrees sharply with the recent lattice calculation and the implied large $s\bar s$ content of $h_1(1170)$ and $q\bar q$ component of $h_1(1380)$ cannot explain the observation of their strong decays. We conclude that $\theta_{K_1}$ is smaller than $45^\circ$.