Wideband digital phase comparator for high current shunts

TL;DR

This paper presents a wideband digital phase comparator designed for precise phase difference measurements of high current shunts across a broad frequency range, achieving low uncertainty and improved accuracy with enhanced digital detection.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel wideband digital phase comparator with a high-resolution phase detector, capable of accurate measurements from hundreds of milliampere to 100 A over 500 Hz to 100 kHz.

Findings

Achieved less than 0.05 mrad uncertainty at 100 kHz for 10 A shunts.

Enhanced phase detector reduces uncertainty contribution by a factor of two.

System effectively compares high current shunts across a wide frequency range.

Abstract

A wideband phase comparator for precise measurements of phase difference of high current shunts has been developed at INRIM. The two-input digital phase detector is realized with a precision wideband digitizer connected through a pair of symmetric active guarded transformers to the outputs of the shunts under comparison. Data are first acquired asynchronously, and then transferred from on-board memory to host memory. Because of the large amount of data collected the filtering process and the analysis algorithms are performed outside the acquisition routine. Most of the systematic errors can be compensated by a proper inversion procedure. The system is suitable for comparing shunts in a wide range of currents, from several hundred of milliampere up to 100 A, and frequencies ranging between 500 Hz and 100 kHz. Expanded uncertainty (k=2) less than 0.05 mrad, for frequency up to 100 kHz, is obtained in the measurement of the phase difference of a group of 10 A shunts, provided by some European NMIs, using a digitizer with sampling frequency up to 1 MHz. An enhanced version of the phase comparator employs a new digital phase detector with higher sampling frequency and vertical resolution. This permits to decrease the contribution to the uncertainty budget of the phase detector of a factor two from 20 kHz to 100 kHz. Theories and experiments show that the phase difference between two high precision wideband digitizers, coupled as phase detector, depends on multiple factors derived from both analog and digital imprint of each sampling system.