Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking Vacuum Energy in Cosmology

TL;DR

This paper investigates the gravitational effects of spontaneous symmetry breaking vacuum energy in cosmology, finding it too small to drive cosmic acceleration but potentially explaining the non-observation of large vacuum energy effects.

Contribution

It provides a novel analysis of vacuum energy's gravitational impact by subtracting flat space contributions, highlighting its negligible effect on universe acceleration.

Findings

Effective energy-momentum tensor is too small to cause acceleration

Vacuum energy's gravitational effect is consistent with dark energy characteristics

Explains why large symmetry breaking vacuum energy isn't observed gravitationally

Abstract

In present paper the gravitational effect of spontaneous symmetry breaking vacuum energy density is investigated by subtracting the flat space-time contribution from the energy in the curved space-time. We found that the remain effective energy-momentum tensor is too small to cause the acceleration of the universe although it satisfies the characteristic of the dark energy. However it could provide a promising explanation to the puzzle why the gravitational effect produced by the huge symmetry breaking vacuum energy in the electroweak theory has not been observed, since it has a sufficient small value (smaller than the observed cosmic energy density by a factor $10^{32}$).