A single-solenoid pulsed-magnet system for single-crystal scattering studies

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel pulsed-magnet system designed for single-crystal x-ray diffraction studies, featuring a large-bore solenoid and a double-funnel insert to maximize scattering angles during high magnetic field pulses.

Contribution

The paper presents a new pulsed-magnet apparatus with a large bore and innovative insert that enables high-field x-ray diffraction without sacrificing scattering angle.

Findings

Achieves pulsed magnetic fields near 30 T with 2.9 ms rise time.

Preserves maximum scattering angle (~23.6°) during pulsed fields.

Facilitates advanced x-ray studies previously limited by magnet design.

Abstract

We present a pulsed-magnet system that enables x-ray single-crystal diffraction in addition to powder and spectroscopic studies with the magnetic field applied on or close to the scattering plane. The apparatus consists of a single large-bore solenoid, cooled by liquid nitrogen. A second independent closed-cycle cryostat is used for cooling samples near liquid helium temperatures. Pulsed magnetic fields close to $\sim 30$ T with a zero-to-peak-field rise time of $\sim$2.9 ms are generated by discharging a 40 kJ capacitor bank into the magnet coil. The unique characteristic of this instrument is the preservation of maximum scattering angle ($\sim 23.6^\circ$) on the entrance and exit sides of the magnet bore by virtue of a novel double-funnel insert. This instrument will facilitate x-ray diffraction and spectroscopic studies that are impractical, if not impossible, to perform using split-pair and narrow-opening solenoid magnets, and offers a practical solution for preserving optical access in future higher-field pulsed magnets.