Rabi flopping induces spatial demixing dynamics

TL;DR

This paper experimentally studies how Rabi flopping causes spatial demixing in Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing critical dynamics and offering new ways to manipulate atomic interactions.

Contribution

It provides the first experimental confirmation of demixing dynamics of dressed states in BECs due to Rabi coupling, supported by parameter-free numerical simulations.

Findings

Amplitude reduction of Rabi oscillations due to demixing

Quantitative agreement with Gross-Pitaevskii simulations

Criticality of dynamics linked to system symmetry

Abstract

We experimentally investigate the mixing/demixing dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of a linear coupling between two internal states. The observed amplitude reduction of the Rabi oscillations can be understood as a result of demixing dynamics of dressed states as experimentally confirmed by reconstructing the spatial profile of dressed state amplitudes. The observations are in quantitative agreement with numerical integration of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations without free parameters, which also reveals the criticality of the dynamics on the symmetry of the system. Our observations demonstrate new possibilities for changing effective atomic interactions and studying critical phenomena.