Photometric Redshift Probability Distributions for Galaxies in the SDSS DR8

TL;DR

This paper develops and provides redshift probability distributions for SDSS DR8 galaxies using a nearest-neighbor weighting algorithm, improving individual galaxy redshift estimates for cosmological analyses.

Contribution

It introduces a method to derive individual and ensemble redshift probability distributions for SDSS galaxies, utilizing an expanded training set and a weighting technique to reduce statistical errors.

Findings

Estimated uncertainty in N(z) is 10-15%.

The P(z) catalog is publicly available.

Sample variance is the main source of error.

Abstract

We present redshift probability distributions for galaxies in the SDSS DR8 imaging data. We used the nearest-neighbor weighting algorithm presented in Lima et al. 2008 and Cunha et al. 2009 to derive the ensemble redshift distribution N(z), and individual redshift probability distributions P(z) for galaxies with r < 21.8. As part of this technique, we calculated weights for a set of training galaxies with known redshifts such that their density distribution in five dimensional color-magnitude space was proportional to that of the photometry-only sample, producing a nearly fair sample in that space. We then estimated the ensemble N(z) of the photometric sample by constructing a weighted histogram of the training set redshifts. We derived P(z) s for individual objects using the same technique, but limiting to training set objects from the local color-magnitude space around each photometric object. Using the P(z) for each galaxy, rather than an ensemble N(z), can reduce the statistical error in measurements that depend on the redshifts of individual galaxies. The spectroscopic training sample is substantially larger than that used for the DR7 release, and the newly added PRIMUS catalog is now the most important training set used in this analysis by a wide margin. We expect the primary source of error in the N(z) reconstruction is sample variance: the training sets are drawn from relatively small volumes of space. Using simulations we estimated the uncertainty in N(z) at a given redshift is 10-15%. The uncertainty on calculations incorporating N(z) or P(z) depends on how they are used; we discuss the case of weak lensing measurements. The P(z) catalog is publicly available from the SDSS website.