Medium-induced color flow softens hadronization

TL;DR

This paper introduces a color-differential calculation of parton energy loss in QCD matter, revealing how medium interactions soften hadronization and better explain jet suppression observed at the LHC.

Contribution

It provides the first color-differential analysis of parton energy loss, highlighting the impact of color exchange on hadronization in heavy ion collisions.

Findings

Color exchange increases invariant mass of color singlet clusters.

Medium-modified parton showers produce softer hadronic spectra.

The model aligns with LHC nuclear modification factor data at low momentum transfers.

Abstract

Medium-induced parton energy loss, resulting from gluon exchanges between the QCD matter and partonic projectiles, is expected to underly the strong suppression of jets and high-$p_T$ hadron spectra observed in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. Here, we present the first color-differential calculation of parton energy loss. We find that color exchange between medium and projectile enhances the invariant mass of energetic color singlet clusters in the parton shower by a parametrically large factor proportional to the square root of the projectile energy. This effect is seen in more than half of the most energetic color-singlet fragments of medium-modified parton branchings. Applying a standard cluster hadronization model, we find that it leads to a characteristic additional softening of hadronic spectra. A fair description of the nuclear modification factor measured at the LHC may then be obtained for relatively low momentum transfers from the medium.