Electric fields generated by quantized vortices

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that quantized vortices in a superfluid under a magnetic field acquire a quantized electric charge, with observable electric fields near the cylinder's end surfaces, influenced by cover properties.

Contribution

It reveals the electric charge of vortices in superfluids and analyzes how vortex motion and boundary conditions affect observable electric fields.

Findings

Vortices carry a quantized electric charge in a magnetic field.

Electric fields are detectable only near cylinder end surfaces with dielectric covers.

The vortex-induced potential depends on cover properties and electrode placement.

Abstract

It is shown that in a magnetic field quantized vortices in a superfluid obtain a real quantized electric charge concentrated in the vortex core. This charge is compensated by an opposite surface charge located at a macroscopic distance from the vortex axis. It is determined that the polarization caused by the vortex velocity field does not give rise to electric fields outside an infinite cylinder. Observation of electric fields created by the vortices is possible only near the end surfaces of the cylinder which must be closed with dielectric covers to prevent superfluid leaking. Influence of cover properties on the potential created by the vortex is researched. Potential created by the vortices on point and ring electrodes are calculated.