Uncharged compactlike and fractional Lorentz-violating BPS vortices in the CPT-even sector of the standard model extension

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the existence of stable, uncharged BPS vortices in a Lorentz-violating Abelian model, revealing how Lorentz violation influences vortex structure and introduces fractional vortex solutions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of Lorentz-violating effects on BPS vortices, including the emergence of fractional vortex solutions in the Higgs sector.

Findings

Lorentz violation controls vortex core size and magnetic field amplitude.

The model supports compactlike vortices in both gauge-only and gauge-plus-Higgs Lorentz-violating scenarios.

Fractional vortex solutions are introduced due to Lorentz violation in the Higgs sector.

Abstract

We have investigated and verified the existence of stable uncharged Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfeld (BPS) vortices in the framework of an Abelian Maxwell-Higgs model supplemented with CPT-even and Lorentz-violating (LV) terms belonging to the gauge and Higgs sectors of the standard model extension. The analysis is performed in two situations: first, one by considering the Lorentz violation only in the gauge sector and then in both gauge and Higgs sectors. In the first case, it is observed that the model supports vortices somehow equivalent to the ones appearing in a dielectric medium. The Lorentz violation controls the radial extension (core of the solution) and the magnetic field amplitude of the Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen vortices, yielding compactlike defects in an alternative and simpler way than that of $k-$field models. At the end, we consider the Lorentz-violating terms in the gauge and Higgs sectors. It is shown that the full model also supports compactlike uncharged BPS vortices in a modified vacuum, but this time there are two LV parameters controlling the defect structure. Moreover, an interesting novelty is introduced by the LV-Higgs sector: fractional vortex solutions.