Hydrodynamic simulations on a moving Voronoi mesh

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel hydrodynamic simulation method using a moving Voronoi mesh that combines the advantages of Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches, avoiding mesh distortion and ensuring Galilean invariance.

Contribution

The authors develop a Voronoi tessellation-based moving mesh scheme for hydrodynamics that overcomes traditional mesh irregularity issues and achieves a highly accurate, Galilean-invariant Lagrangian formulation.

Findings

The method successfully solves ideal hydrodynamics with high accuracy.

It maintains mesh regularity during flow simulations.

The approach demonstrates robustness in various test problems.

Abstract

At the heart of any method for computational fluid dynamics lies the question of how the simulated fluid should be discretized. Traditionally, a fixed Eulerian mesh is often employed for this purpose, which in modern schemes may also be adaptively refined during a calculation. Particle-based methods on the other hand discretize the mass instead of the volume, yielding an approximately Lagrangian approach. It is also possible to achieve Lagrangian behavior in mesh-based methods if the mesh is allowed to move with the flow. However, such approaches have often been fraught with substantial problems related to the development of irregularity in the mesh topology. Here we describe a novel scheme that eliminates these weaknesses. It is based on a moving unstructured mesh defined by the Voronoi tessellation of a set of discrete points. The mesh is used to solve the hyperbolic conservation laws of ideal hydrodynamics with a finite volume approach, based on a second-order Godunov scheme with an exact Riemann solver. A particularly powerful feature of the approach is that the mesh-generating points can in principle be moved arbitrarily. If they are given the velocity of the local flow, a highly accurate Lagrangian formulation of continuum hydrodynamics is obtained that is free of mesh distortion problems, while it is at the same time fully Galilean-invariant, unlike ordinary Eulerian codes. We describe the formulation and implementation of our new Voronoi-based hydrodynamics, and we discuss a number of illustrative test problems that highlight its performance in practical applications.