Accelerator Science and Technology Breakthroughs, Achievements and Lessons from the Tevatron*

TL;DR

The Tevatron collider was a pioneering high-energy physics instrument that achieved significant technological and scientific milestones over its 25-year operation, providing valuable lessons for future accelerators.

Contribution

This paper reviews the history, technological advances, and lessons learned from the Tevatron's operation and upgrades over its 25-year lifespan.

Findings

Achieved 430 times higher luminosity than initial design

Made numerous technological breakthroughs in accelerator physics

Contributed to major physics discoveries

Abstract

For almost a quarter of a century, the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider was the centerpiece of the world's high energy physics program - beginning operation in December of 1985 until it was overtaken by LHC in 2011. The aim of this unique scientific instrument was to explore the elementary particle physics reactions with center of mass collision energies of up to 1.96 TeV. The initial design luminosity of the Tevatron was 1030cm-2s-1, however as a result of two decades of upgrades, the accelerator has been able to deliver 430 times higher luminosities to each of two high luminosity experiments, CDF and D0. The Tevatron will be shut off September 30, 2011. The collider was arguably one of the most complex research instruments ever to reach the operation stage and is widely recognized for many technological breakthroughs and numerous physics discoveries. In this John Adams lecture, I briefly present the history of the Tevatron, major advances in accelerator physics, and technology implemented during the long quest for better and better performance. Lessons learned from our experience are also discussed.