Are there rings around Pluto?

TL;DR

This paper investigates the potential existence of rings around Pluto by analyzing the stability of icy-rocks and debris in its vicinity, suggesting that stable rings or dust structures could exist due to tidal and centrifugal stresses.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical model showing how icy-rocks and debris could form stable rings around Pluto, considering gravitational influences and collisional processes.

Findings

Stable rings of icy-rocks could exist around Pluto.

Rings or debris may be present within Pluto's Roche zones.

Potential undiscovered rings or satellites are predicted in Pluto's vicinity.

Abstract

Considering effects of tidal plus centrifugal stress acting on icy-rocks and the tensile strength thereof, icy-rocks being in the density range (1-2.4) g cm-3 which had come into existence as collisional ejecta (debris) in the vicinity of Pluto at the time when Pluto-Charon system came into being as a result of a giant impact of a Kuiper Belt Object on the primordial Pluto, it is shown, here, that these rocks going around Pluto in its vicinity are under slow disruption generating a stable ring structure consisting of icy-rocks of diameters in the range (20-90) km, together with fine dust and particles disrupted off the rocks, and spread all over the regions in their respective Roche Zones, various Roche radii being in ~1/2 three-body mean motion resonance. Calculations of gravitational spheres of influence of Pluto which turns out to be 4.2 x 106 km for prograde orbits and 8.5 x 106 km for retrograde orbits together with the existence of Kuiper Belt in the vicinity of Pluto assure that there may exist a few rocks (satellites)/dust rings/sheets so far undiscovered moving in prograde orbits around the planet and few others which are distant ones and move around Pluto in the region between 4.2x106 km and 8.5x106 km in retrograde orbits.