Soliton Creation with a Twist

TL;DR

This paper explores how adding twist degrees of freedom to a deformed O(3) sigma model enables soliton creation during scattering, with potential implications for magnetic monopoles and baryon number violation.

Contribution

It introduces a deformed O(3) sigma model with twist, demonstrating soliton creation in a new context and exploring its potential physical applications.

Findings

Soliton creation occurs for a range of parameters with twist.

Twist influences the scattering and creation of solitons.

Potential applications to magnetic monopoles and baryon number violation.

Abstract

We consider soliton creation when there are "twist" degrees of freedom present in the model in addition to those that make up the soliton. Specifically we consider a deformed O(3) sigma model in 1+1 dimensions, which reduces to the sine-Gordon model in the zero twist sector. We study the scattering of two or more breather solutions as a function of twist, and find soliton creation for a range of parameters. We speculate on the application of these ideas, in particular on the possible role of magnetic helicity, to the production of magnetic monopoles, and the violation of baryon number in nuclear scattering experiments.