First order and stable relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper derives a stable, first-order relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics framework from kinetic theory, challenging previous beliefs about stability limitations by employing a novel interpretation of Lagrange multipliers and heat flow management.

Contribution

It introduces a new approach to achieve stable first-order relativistic hydrodynamics using a novel interpretation of Lagrange multipliers and heat flow handling.

Findings

Derived a generic stable first-order relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics

Challenged the belief that such stability was impossible

Provided a new interpretation of Lagrange multipliers in equilibrium

Abstract

Relativistic thermodynamics is derived from kinetic equilibrium in a general frame. Based on a novel interpretation of Lagrange multipliers in the equilibrium state we obtain a generic stable but first order relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics. Although this was believed to be impossible, we circumvent this difficulty by a specific handling of the heat flow.