Vortex twins and anti-twins supported by multi-ring gain landscapes

TL;DR

This paper investigates the formation and stability of multi-vortex soliton complexes in nonlinear media with multi-ring gain landscapes, revealing new stable configurations of vortex twins and anti-twins with diverse topologies.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of stable multi-vortex soliton complexes supported by multi-ring gain landscapes, including novel configurations of vortex twins and anti-twins with various symmetries.

Findings

Stable complexes with 2, 3, or 4 vortices are demonstrated.

Vortex twins with equal charges show asymmetric intensity distributions.

Vortex anti-twins can be symmetric or asymmetric depending on parameters.

Abstract

We address the properties of multi-vortex soliton complexes supported by multi-ring gain landscapes in focusing Kerr nonlinear media with strong two-photon absorption. Stable complexes incorporating two, three, or four vortices featuring opposite or identical topological charges are shown to exist. In the simplest geometries with two amplifying rings vortex twins with equal topological charges exhibit asymmetric intensity distributions, while vortex anti-twins may be symmetric or asymmetric, depending on the gain level and separation between rings. Different arrangements of amplifying rings allow generation of stable multi-vortex soliton complexes with various topologies, with twins and anti-twins as building blocks.