The (2+1)-dimensional gravastars

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel (2+1)-dimensional gravastar model in anti-de Sitter space-time with three distinct regions, demonstrating its stability and non-singular nature through analysis of physical features and junction conditions.

Contribution

It presents the first (2+1)-dimensional gravastar model with a detailed analysis of its physical properties and stability in anti-de Sitter space-time.

Findings

The model is stable and non-singular.

Different regions have specific equations of state.

The exterior matches the BTZ space-time.

Abstract

We propose a new model of a gravastar in (2+1) anti-de Sitter space-time. This new three dimensional configuration has three different regions with different equations of state: [I] Interior: 0 \leq r < r_1, \rho = -p ; [II] Shell: r_1 \leq r < r_2, \rho = p; [III] Exterior: r_2 < r, \rho = p =0. The outer region of this gravastar corresponds to the exterior (2+1) anti-de Sitter space-time, popularly known as the BTZ space-time. Like BTZ model, \Lambda is taken to be negative, which at the junction turns out to be positive as required by stability of gravastar and mathematical consistency. After investigating the Interior space-time, Shell and Exterior space-time we have highlighted different physical features in terms of Length and Energy, Entropy, and Junction conditions of the spherical distribution. It is shown that the present model of charge-free gravastar in connection to the exterior (2+1) anti-de Sitter space-time or the BTZ space-time is stable and non-singular.