Evolution of growing black holes in axisymmetric galaxy cores

TL;DR

This paper presents N-body simulations of axisymmetric galaxy cores with growing black holes, analyzing their influence, star disruption rates, and the effects of rotation, advancing understanding beyond spherical models.

Contribution

It introduces detailed axisymmetric simulations of galaxy cores with evolving black holes, highlighting the importance of rotation and deviations from spherical symmetry.

Findings

Black hole influence zones are quantified.

Star disruption rates are measured in relaxation times.

Rotation significantly affects core dynamics.

Abstract

NBody realizations of axisymmetric collisional galaxy cores (e.g. M32, M33, NGC205, Milky Way) with embedded growing black holes are presented. Stars which approach the disruption sphere are disrupted and accreted to the black hole. We measure the zone of influence of the black hole and disruption rates in relaxation time scales. We show that secular gravitational instabilities dominate the initial core dynamics, while the black hole is small and growing due to consumption of stars. Later, the black hole potential dominates the core, and loss cone theory can be applied. Our simulations show that central rotation in galaxies can not be neglected for relaxed systems, and compare and discuss our results with the standard theory of spherically symmetric systems.